ANNAPOLIS, MD (July 24, 2024) ~ The Maryland Department of Agriculture's Animal Health program is urging all horse owners to ensure their equines are up-to-date on vaccinations for West Nile virus and other mosquito-borne diseases. This reminder comes after a horse in Frederick County tested positive for West Nile virus earlier this month, despite being vaccinated.

According to Secretary Kevin Atticks, this case serves as a reminder for horse owners to remain vigilant during peak mosquito season. He encourages horse owners to speak with their veterinarians about vaccinations and reminds veterinarians to report any cases of equine arboviruses to the department.

The affected horse had been vaccinated and has since recovered. The American Association of Equine Practitioners recommends West Nile virus vaccination as a core vaccine and essential standard of care for all horses.

Symptoms of West Nile virus and eastern equine encephalomyelitis include fever, anorexia, head pressing, depression or personality change, weakness, blindness, convulsions, muscle spasms in the head and neck, or hind-limb weakness.

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To help prevent mosquito bites during peak hours (dawn and dusk), horse owners are advised to keep their horses indoors and use topical insect repellents specifically labeled for use on horses. In response to the confirmed case in Frederick County, the department's mosquito control program will conduct an emergency spray in the area.

West Nile virus is a serious disease that can be deadly for both humans and horses. While both can contract the virus from infected mosquitoes, it cannot be transmitted between horses or from horses to humans. The viruses typically exist in a cycle between mosquitoes and birds but can occasionally be transmitted from mosquitoes to mammals.

To monitor virus activity in equines, the department works closely with the Maryland Department of Health every year. Veterinarians are reminded to use standard infection control precautions when caring for any animal suspected of having West Nile virus or eastern equine encephalomyelitis.

Resources for arboviral and other reportable infectious diseases in equines can be found on the department's website. Information on equine arbovirus testing can be found on the Maryland Department of Health's website. For more information on the department's mosquito control activities, visit their website.

As peak mosquito season continues, it is crucial for horse owners to take necessary precautions and keep their horses' vaccinations up-to-date to protect them from potentially deadly diseases. By working together and staying vigilant, we can help keep our equine companions safe during this time of increased risk.

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